![]() ![]() Perhaps the most important geographical claim that Kaplan advances is that the world will increasingly suffer from a "crisis of room." Due to rising population and the concentration of persons in large urban centers, the potential for conflict between nations increases. The region's geography ensures that it will remain disputed territory and that any nation that wishes to control the world must control this "heartland." Another important geographical factor is access to warm water ports, a deficit in Russian politics that leads Russia to act aggressively. Kaplan focuses in particular on the center of "Eurasia" in the Middle East, the Balkans and Eastern Europe, as holding the most potential for global political power. The basic idea is to argue that geographical factors play a major role in determining long-term political outcomes without buying wholesale into geographical determinism, which holds that long-term political outcomes are determined by geographical factors alone. Kaplan in particular seeks to revive a variety of geographical intellectuals who he believes offered a number of critical insights about the interplay between geography and political, military and economic power across the world. ![]() Robert Kaplan, a prominent neoconservative foreign policy intellectual, wrote The Revenge of Geography in order to draw the focus of the American foreign policy community back towards the recognition of the relationship between geography and politics, a focus that has remained unpopular since the early part of the 20th century. ![]()
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